5-2 final project milestone two: public administration in practice

PAD 630 Milestone Two Guidelines and Rubric

For this milestone, you will draft a paper that outlines the Public Administration in Practice section of the final project (Section III). You will also include a list of
potential bibliographic references that will be used for the final project.

The purpose of this milestone is to provide you with an opportunity to review the organization of the final project and to ensure that you are presenting a
comprehensive review of the subject matter. Review the Final Project Guidelines and Rubric document for further details.

Your milestone submission should address the following critical elements:

 Public Administration in Practice

A. Governmental Operations: Ensure that you focus specifically on the organizational, legal, or cultural challenge that you selected.
1. Civil Service Implementation: Assess the impact that the implementation of civil service had on the effectiveness of public service in

the federal government.
2. Local Governmental Operations: Illustrate how public administration has manifested itself in local governmental operations. In other

words, what impact has professional management had on local governmental operations? For example, you could consider how
prevalent the mayor/manager form of government is.

3. Impact of Iron Triangle: Assess the impact of the “iron triangle” on public policy and program administration at the state and federal
levels of government. In other words, how does the bureaucracy counterbalance the direct relationship between special interests and
the legislature?

B. Differences Between Public Administration and Private Sector Management: Ensure that you focus specifically on the organizational, legal, or
cultural challenge that you selected.

1. Organizational Differences: Contrast the impact of political boundaries in governmental operations versus the private sector. For
example, you could consider how political boundaries impact program and operational efficiencies. Provide specific examples to
support your response.

2. Legal Differences: Analyze mandates, legal and nonlegal, related to the challenge you selected. How do they impact the operations of
state and local governments? How do these mandates apply to private sector firms? Provide specific examples to support your
response.

3. Cultural Differences: Illustrate the impacts politics can have on administrative appointments in the public and private sectors. In other
words, what is the impact of political appointments on the culture of governmental agencies and private businesses? Provide specific
examples to support your response.

C. Roles of the Executive, Legislative, and Judicial Branches: Ensure that you focus specifically on the organizational, legal, or cultural challenge that
you selected.

1. Executive Branch: Outline the role of the executive branch of government in the development of public policy, specifically related to
the challenge you selected.

2. Legislative Branch: Outline the role of the legislative branch of government in the development of public policy, specifically related to
the challenge you selected.

3. Judicial Branch: What role does the court system play in arbitrating public policy disputes between the executive and legislative
branches of government? Focus specifically on how the judicial branch has impacted the challenge you selected.

D. Public Budgeting Techniques: Ensure that you focus specifically on the organizational, legal, or cultural challenge that you selected.
1. Zero-Based Budgeting: Assess the principle of zero-based budgeting for how it has impacted federal programs and their stakeholders.

What are the pros and cons of this methodology?
2. Performance-Based Budgeting: Assess how performance-based budgeting applies to private sector budgeting practices in a public

sector setting. What are the pros and cons of this methodology? Include the impact on public programs and their stakeholders in your
response.

3. Emerging Budget Strategies: Describe emerging budget strategies being utilized by public agencies to address the difficult fiscal
environment facing local governments. In other words, what contemporary public budgeting techniques are effective?

E. Governmental Communication Strategies: Ensure that you focus specifically on the organizational, legal, or cultural challenge that you selected.
1. Impact of Social Media: Assess the effectiveness of social media on governmental operations at the federal, state, or local

governmental level. Consider questions such as these: What impact has social media had in enhancing public outreach? How has social
media been used to develop a sense of community?

2. Impact of Other Media Types: Assess how various other media types can enhance public outreach and impact a citizen’s sense of
community.

3. Communication Strategies: How has the proliferation of information outlets impacted the communication strategies utilized by
government officials?

 Bibliography
Include a list of 8–10 potential bibliographic references that will be used for your final project.

Guidelines for Submission: This submission should be approximately 4–6 pages in length and should use 12-point Times New Roman font, double spacing, and
one-inch margins. Sources should be cited according to APA style.

Milestone Two Rubric

Critical Elements Proficient (100%) Needs Improvement (80%) Not Evident (0%) Value
Public Administration in

Practice: Civil Service
Implementation

Assesses the impact that the
implementation of civil service had on the
effectiveness of public service in the
federal government

Assesses the impact that the
implementation of civil service had on the
effectiveness of public service in the
federal government, but assessment is
cursory or inaccurate

Does not assess the impact that the
implementation of civil service had on the
effectiveness of public service in the
federal government, or assessment lacks
focus on selected challenge

6

Public Administration in
Practice: Local

Governmental Operations

Illustrates how public administration has
manifested itself in local governmental
operations

Illustrates how public administration has
manifested itself in local governmental
operations, but with gaps in clarity or
detail

Does not illustrate how public
administration has manifested itself in
local governmental operations, or
response lacks focus on selected
challenge

6

Public Administration in
Practice: Impact of Iron

Triangle

Assesses impact of iron triangle on public
policy and program administration at
state and federal levels of government

Assesses impact of iron triangle on public
policy and program administration at
state and federal levels of government,
but assessment is cursory or inaccurate

Does not assess impact of iron triangle on
public policy and program administration
at state and federal levels of government,
or response lacks focus on selected
challenge

6

Public Administration in
Practice: Organizational

Differences

Contrasts impact of political boundaries in
governmental operations versus the
private sector, supporting response with
specific examples

Contrasts impact of political boundaries in
governmental operations versus the
private sector, but with gaps in accuracy,
detail, or support

Does not contrast impact of political
boundaries in governmental operations
versus the private sector, or response
lacks focus on selected challenge

6

Public Administration in
Practice: Legal Differences

Analyzes legal and nonlegal mandates
related to selected challenges for how
they impact state and local government
operations and private sector firms,
supporting response with specific
examples

Analyzes legal and nonlegal mandates
related to selected challenges for how
they impact state and local government
operations and private sector firms, but
with gaps in accuracy, detail, or support

Does not analyze legal and nonlegal
mandates related to selected challenges
for how they impact state and local
government operations and private sector
firms, or response lacks focus on selected
challenge

6

Public Administration in
Practice: Cultural Differences

Illustrates impacts of politics on
administrative appointments in public and
private sectors, supporting response with
specific examples

Illustrates impacts of politics on
administrative appointments in public and
private sectors, but with gaps in clarity,
detail, or support

Does not illustrate impacts of politics on
administrative appointments in public and
private sectors, or response lacks focus on
selected challenge

6

Public Administration in
Practice: Executive Branch

Outlines role of executive branch of
government in development of public
policy, specifically related to selected
challenge

Outlines role of executive branch of
government in development of public
policy, specifically related to selected
challenge, but with gaps in accuracy or
detail

Does not outline role of executive branch
of government in development of public
policy, or response lacks focus on selected
challenge

6

Public Administration in
Practice: Legislative Branch

Outlines role of legislative branch of
government in development of public
policy, specifically related to selected
challenge

Outlines role of legislative branch of
government in development of public
policy, specifically related to selected
challenge, but with gaps in accuracy or
detail

Does not outline role of legislative branch
of government in development of public
policy, or response lacks focus on selected
challenge

6

Public Administration in
Practice: Judicial Branch

Analyzes role of court system in
arbitrating public policy disputes between
executive and legislative branches of
government, specifically related to
selected challenge

Analyzes role of court system in
arbitrating public policy disputes between
executive and legislative branches of
government, specifically related to
selected challenge, but with gaps in
accuracy or detail

Does not analyze role of court system in
arbitrating public policy disputes between
executive and legislative branches of
government, or response lacks focus on
selected challenge

6

Public Administration in
Practice: Zero-Based

Budgeting

Assesses principle of zero-based
budgeting for how it has impacted federal
programs and their stakeholders and
addresses pros and cons of methodology

Assesses principle of zero-based
budgeting for how it has impacted federal
programs and their stakeholders and
addresses pros and cons of methodology,
but response is cursory or inaccurate

Does not assess principle of zero-based
budgeting for how it has impacted federal
programs and their stakeholders, or
response lacks focus on selected
challenge

6

Public Administration in
Practice: Performance-Based

Budgeting

Assesses how performance-based
budgeting applies to private sector
budgeting practices in public sector
setting and addresses pros and cons of
methodology and impact on public
programs and their stakeholders

Assesses how performance-based
budgeting applies to private sector
budgeting practices in public sector
setting and addresses pros and cons of
methodology and impact on public
programs and their stakeholders, but
response is cursory or inaccurate

Does not assess how performance-based
budgeting applies to private sector
budgeting practices in public sector
setting, or response lacks focus on
selected challenge

6

Public Administration in
Practice: Emerging Budget

Strategies

Describes emerging budget strategies
being utilized by public agencies to
address the difficult fiscal environment
facing local governments

Describes emerging budget strategies
being utilized by public agencies to
address the difficult fiscal environment
facing local governments, but with gaps in
clarity or detail

Does not describe emerging budget
strategies being utilized by public agencies
to address the difficult fiscal environment
facing local governments, or response
lacks focus on selected challenge

6

Public Administration in
Practice: Impact of Social

Media

Assesses the effectiveness of social media
on governmental operations at federal,
state, or local governmental level

Assesses the effectiveness of social media
on governmental operations at federal,
state, or local governmental level, but
assessment is cursory or inaccurate

Does not assess the effectiveness of social
media on governmental operations at
federal, state, or local governmental level,
or response lacks focus on selected
challenge

6

Public Administration in
Practice: Impact of Other

Media Types

Assesses how various other media types
can enhance public outreach and impact a
citizen’s sense of community

Assesses how various other media types
can enhance public outreach and impact a
citizen’s sense of community, but
assessment is cursory or inaccurate

Does not assess how various other media
types can enhance public outreach and
impact a citizen’s sense of community, or
response lacks focus on selected
challenge

6

Public Administration in
Practice: Communication

Strategies

Explains how proliferation of information
outlets has impacted communication
strategies utilized by government officials

Explains how proliferation of information
outlets has impacted communication
strategies utilized by government officials,
but with gaps in clarity or detail

Does not explain how proliferation of
information outlets has impacted
communication strategies utilized by
government officials, or response lacks
focus on selected challenge

6

Bibliography Bibliography contains at least eight
credible sources

Bibliography contains at least five credible
sources

Bibliography contains three or fewer
credible sources

4

Articulation of Response Submission has no major errors related to
citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, or
organization

Submission has major errors related to
citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, or
organization that negatively impact
readability and articulation of main ideas

Submission has critical errors related to
citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, or
organization that prevent understanding
of ideas

6

Total 100%